老鼠能感受到彼此之间的痛苦
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移情能让我们感受到他人的痛苦，促使我们帮助他人缓解痛苦。但移情是否是人类独有的特征呢？研究人员为此争论了几十年。现在一项新研究显示老鼠也能移情，无私的帮助同类逃离陷阱。报告发表在《科学》上。
芝加哥大学的Jean Decety和同事将一些以前不认识的老鼠关在一起，熟悉之后将其中一只放进玻璃容器内。利用商业蝙蝠探测器，他们发现受困陷阱的老鼠发出高频的吱吱叫声，显示它感到很痛苦。容器有扇门可以将它从痛苦中解救出来。经过数期的培训，四分之三的老鼠学会快速打开关押同类容器门。实验中，有些容器关押了老鼠，还有些是空的。老鼠不会打开空的或是含有其它物体的容器，但它们会释放真正关押的老鼠。研究人员还发现，雌性比雄性会有更高的比例成为打开笼门者，这与雌性比雄性更富同情心的说法是一致的。
移情能让我们感受到他人的痛苦，促使我们帮助他人缓解痛苦。但移情是否是人类独有的特征呢？研究人员为此争论了几十年。现在一项新研究显示老鼠也能移情，无私的帮助同类逃离陷阱。报告发表在《科学》上。
芝加哥大学的Jean Decety和同事将一些以前不认识的老鼠关在一起，熟悉之后将其中一只放进玻璃容器内。利用商业蝙蝠探测器，他们发现受困陷阱的老鼠发出高频的吱吱叫声，显示它感到很痛苦。容器有扇门可以将它从痛苦中解救出来。经过数期的培训，四分之三的老鼠学会快速打开关押同类容器门。实验中，有些容器关押了老鼠，还有些是空的。老鼠不会打开空的或是含有其它物体的容器，但它们会释放真正关押的老鼠。研究人员还发现，雌性比雄性会有更高的比例成为打开笼门者，这与雌性比雄性更富同情心的说法是一致的。
发表于 2012/5/16 20:01:48
2楼
Rats Feel Each Other's Pain
Dan Ferber
Empathy lets us feel another person's pain and drives us to help ease it. But is empathy a uniquely human trait? For decades researchers have debated whether nonhuman animals possess this attribute. Now a new study shows that rats will free a trapped cagemate in distress. The results mean that these rodents can be used to help determine the genetic and physiological underpinnings of empathy in people.
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2011/12/rats-feel-each-others-pain.html?rss=1
Rats Feel Each Other's Pain
Dan Ferber
Empathy lets us feel another person's pain and drives us to help ease it. But is empathy a uniquely human trait? For decades researchers have debated whether nonhuman animals possess this attribute. Now a new study shows that rats will free a trapped cagemate in distress. The results mean that these rodents can be used to help determine the genetic and physiological underpinnings of empathy in people.
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2011/12/rats-feel-each-others-pain.html?rss=1
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发表于 2012/5/16 22:19:31
3楼
Empathy and Pro-Social Behavior in Rats
Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal1, Jean Decety,Peggy Mason,
Science 9 December 2011:
Vol. 334 no. 6061 pp. 1427-1430
DOI: 10.1126/science.1210789
摘要：
Whereas human pro-social behavior is often driven by empathic concern for another, it is unclear whether nonprimate mammals experience a similar motivational state. To test for empathically motivated pro-social behavior in rodents, we placed a free rat in an arena with a cagemate trapped in a restrainer. After several sessions, the free rat learned to intentionally and quickly open the restrainer and free the cagemate. Rats did not open empty or object-containing restrainers. They freed cagemates even when social contact was prevented. When liberating a cagemate was pitted against chocolate contained within a second restrainer, rats opened both restrainers and typically shared the chocolate. Thus, rats behave pro-socially in response to a conspecific’s distress, providing strong evidence for biological roots of empathically motivated helping behavior.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1427.abstract
Empathy and Pro-Social Behavior in Rats
Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal1, Jean Decety,Peggy Mason,
Science 9 December 2011:
Vol. 334 no. 6061 pp. 1427-1430
DOI: 10.1126/science.1210789
摘要：
Whereas human pro-social behavior is often driven by empathic concern for another, it is unclear whether nonprimate mammals experience a similar motivational state. To test for empathically motivated pro-social behavior in rodents, we placed a free rat in an arena with a cagemate trapped in a restrainer. After several sessions, the free rat learned to intentionally and quickly open the restrainer and free the cagemate. Rats did not open empty or object-containing restrainers. They freed cagemates even when social contact was prevented. When liberating a cagemate was pitted against chocolate contained within a second restrainer, rats opened both restrainers and typically shared the chocolate. Thus, rats behave pro-socially in response to a conspecific’s distress, providing strong evidence for biological roots of empathically motivated helping behavior.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1427.abstract
发表于 2012/5/17 1:14:24
